OSX Tips

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Netatalk

This is needed if you want to serve AFP from your linux machine.

	$ sudo aptitude update

	$ mkdir -p ~/src/netatalk

	$ cd ~/src/netatalk

	$ sudo aptitude install cracklib2-dev libssl-dev

	$ apt-get source -t testing netatalk

	$ sudo apt-get build-dep netatalk

	$ cd netatalk-2.X.X

	$ sudo DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=ssl dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc

	$ sudo debi

	$ echo "netatalk hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

After that, you’ll have a file server capable of AFP for OSX systems.

.AppleDouble Files

If you have problems with .AppleDouble files in your server, wherever you installed the netatalk binaries, there’s a script called cleanappledouble.pl which will clean up any orphaned entries in .AppleDouble directories.

	$ ./cleanappledouble.pl --help

	Usage: ./cleanappledouble.pl [-r] [-v] directory [directory ...]

Scans each directory and:

  1. removes orphaned .AppleDouble files (from /.AppleDouble)

  2. fixes permissions on .AppleDouble files to match corresponding data file (minus x bits)

  3. fixes owner/group of .AppleDouble files to match corresponding data file (root only)

If you need to delete the folders, you can try something like

find . -name \.AppleDouble -exec rm -rf {} \;

Create .iso images on OSX

From the Command Line:

Show Status

	localhost$: drutil status
 
	Vendor   Product           Rev
	MATSHITA DVD-R   UJ-857E   ZF1E
	Type: CD-ROM               Name: /dev/disk1
	Sessions: 1                  Tracks: 1
	Overwritable:   00:00:00         blocks:        0 /   0.00MB /   0.00MiB
	Space Free:   00:00:00         blocks:        0 /   0.00MB /   0.00MiB
	Space Used:   46:37:04         blocks:   209779 / 429.63MB / 409.72MiB
	Writability:

Unmount Disk

localhost$: diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk1	
Unmount of all volumes on disk1 was successful

Create disk Image

localhost$: dd if=/dev/disk1 of=image.iso  
963672+1 records in
963672+1 records out
493400208 bytes transferred in 220.611582 secs (2236511 bytes/sec)

Mount Disk Image

localhost$ hdid image.iso

Change Background Login Image

cd /System/Library/CoreServices
sudo mv DefaultDesktop.jpg DefaultDesktop_org.jpg
sudo cp /Path/to/picture/you/want/to/use/image.jpg DefaultDesktop.jpg

ImageMagick

Resize Image

$: convert -resize 50% image.png small.png

ImageMagick Command Line Options are here

Identify image information via CLI

$: identify -format '%wx%h' 001_small.jpg
** 399x262 (result) **

Adding network routes in OSX

route version in OSX is a bit old, and does not work same as LINUX. Adding a new route in your Mac is as follows:

route -n add -net 12.0.0.0 192.168.1.200 255.0.0.0

This adds network access to 12.0.0.0 network through gateway 192.168.1.200 with 255.0.0.0 netmask.

Now we just want to route to a certain IP address.

route add -host 12.11.10.9 192.168.1.200 255.255.240.0

This IP is not accessible through the default network gateway, so we add this route over another gateway to access it.

GeekTool

TOP

top -ocpu -F -R -l2 -n20 | tail -n21 | grep -v `0.0% ..:` | cut -c 1-24,25-29,103-112

STATUS

uptime | awk '{print "UPTIME : " $3 " " $4 " " $5 }' | sed -e 's/.$//g'; top -l 1 | awk '/PhysMem/ {print "RAM : " $8 " "}' ; top -l 2 | awk '/CPU usage/ && NR > 5 {print $6, $7=":", $8, $9="user ", $10, $11="sys ", $12, $13}'

NET CONNECTION

File: ~/bin/ipaddress.sh
#! /bin/bash
myen0=`ifconfig en0 | grep "inet " | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $2}'`

if [ "$myen0" != "" ]
then
    echo "Ethernet : $myen0"
else
    echo "Ethernet : INACTIVE"
fi

myen1=`ifconfig en1 | grep "inet " | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $2}'`

if [ "myen1" != "" ]
then
echo "AirPort  : $myen1"
else
echo "Airport  : INACTIVE"
fi

EXTERNAL IP

echo External IP: `curl -s http://checkip.dyndns.org/ | sed 's/[a-zA-Z<>/:]//g'`

CALENDAR

cal | sed "s/^/ /;s/$/ /;s/ $(date +%e) / $(date +%e | sed 's/./#/g') /"

SYSINFO

uptime | awk '{printf "Uptime: " $3 " " $4 " " $5 " " }'; top -l 1 | awk '/PhysMem/ {printf "RAM : " $8 ", " }' ; top -l 2 | awk '/CPU usage/ && NR > 5 {print $6, $7=":", $8, $9="user", $10, $11="sys", $12, $13}'

TimeMachine LOG view

grep backupd /var/log/system.log | sed s_/System/Library/CoreServices/__g | tail -n 3

Networked TimeMachine Backup process

  • Create TM backup disk image. First get your MAC address from your card and create disk image with hdiutil.
$ ifconfig en0 |grep ether

$ hdiutil create -size 120g -fs HFS+J -volname "Jacintosh Backup" jacintosh_000008000469.sparsebundle

  • Enable Unsupported Network Volumes

      defaults write com.apple.systempreferences TMShowUnsupportedNetworkVolumes 1

  • Mount the NAS share the sparsebundle  and copy sparsebundle image to it.

      rsync -avE jacintosh_000008000469.sparsebundle /Volumes/TMBackups/.

  • umount and mount again remote sparsebundle.

  • Go to TimeMachine and select new remote image disk.

  • Create your first backup.

  • If you think Time Machine backs up too often

      sudo defaults write /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.backupd-auto StartInterval -int 1800

Start Time Machine backups now in Terminal. **

tmutil startbackup

Start screen sharing remotely in Terminal

Assume you want to do some work on a remote Mac via 10.5’s Screen Sharing, but you forgot to enable Screen Sharing before you left the remote Mac. You’re now a good distance away, and apparently stuck. Fortunately, because the screen sharing system uses launchd to monitor its state, enabling and disabling is as simple as adding a file in the remote Mac’s /Libary/Preferences folder. (Note that you’ll need to be able to login to the remote Mac via ssh to run these commands on that Mac.)

$ cd /Library/Preferences
$ echo -n enabled > com.apple.ScreenSharing.launchd_

To disable screen sharing:

$ cd /Library/Preferences $ rm com.apple.ScreenSharing.launchd_

If you have a Finder window open with the remote Mac selected in the Shared section, you’ll even note the icon for Screen Sharing coming and going as you do this.

#!/bin/bash
LAUNCHD_FILE=/Library/Preferences/com.apple.ScreenSharing.launchd
if !( groups | grep -q admin );
then 
echo "Must be admin to run this script" exit 1 fi case "$1" in status)
if
[[ -e $LAUNCHD_FILE ]];
then echo 'Screen Sharing is enabled';
exit 0;
else echo 'Screen Sharing is not enabled';
exit 1 fi ;; start)
echo -n enabled > $LAUNCHD_FILE ;; stop) rm -f $LAUNCHD_FILE ;; *) 	
echo "Usage: $0 {status|start|stop}"
esac

Now, to add a bunch of buttons that are also found in Apple Remote Desktop, type in this command (it is one line):

defaults write com.apple.ScreenSharing \'NSToolbar Configuration ControlToolbar' -dict-add 'TB Item Identifiers' \'(Scale,Control,Share,Curtain ,Capture,FullScreen,GetClipboard,SendClipboard,Quality)'

Useful tips

RSYNC in OSX

The rsync utility offers substantial improvements in performance when making backups of large file hierarchies.

To copy extended attributes with it, you must specify the -E flag. You can use rsync across a network to make centralized backups.

-E is just for the Mac OS X version of rsync 2.6.9, in the rsync 3 family, it is replaced by the -X flag.

Rebuild Spotlight index

sudo mdutil -s / (shows status)

sudo mdutil -i on / (activation)

rm -rf /.Spotlight*

sudo mdutil -E / (rebuild)

Little Script for autoindexing.

#!/bin/sh
sleep 1 # let things settle down a bit
if mdutil -s "/Volumes/stuff" | grep -q "Indexing Disabled" ; 
then
mdutil -i on "/Volumes/stuff" >/dev/null
fi

Get Mac serial number through command line

ioreg -l | awk '/IOPlatformSerialNumber/ { print $4; }'

Get Mac Hardware info through command line

system_profiler | less

Dashboard Disable

defaults write com.apple.dashboard mcx-disabled -boolean YES

DNS Flush cache**

sudo dscacheutil -flushcache